Liquid chromatography is a widely used separation technique in analytical chemistry that involves the separation of mixtures of compounds based on their interactions with a stationary phase and a mobile phase. The stationary phase is typically a column packed with a solid absorbent material, while the mobile phase is a liquid solvent that carries the sample through the column. As the sample moves through the column, the different compounds interact differently with the stationary phase and elute at different times, allowing for their separation and identification. Liquid chromatography is commonly used in pharmaceutical, environmental, food, and clinical analysis, among other fields.